CT of adrenal masses in dogs
What contrast CT shows in a dog with an adrenal mass, from caval invasion and adhesions to tumour type, and where its accuracy runs out before adrenalectomy.
Veterinary CT & MRI imaging guides
Referenced guides for veterinarians on when CT or MRI answers the clinical question, by species and body region.
CT · Dogs
Brain CT in dogs when MRI is not available
What brain CT can and cannot detect in dogs when MRI is not available, for masses, stroke, inflammation and head trauma, and when MRI or CSF is still needed.
CT of the canine elbow for medial coronoid disease
When CT is worth it for medial coronoid disease in dogs, what it finds that radiographs miss, and where arthroscopy still gives the better answer.
CT of the canine gastrointestinal tract in the acute abdomen
When abdominal CT adds to radiographs and ultrasound in vomiting dogs with suspected obstruction, foreign body or perforation, and what CT can and cannot show.
CT of the canine kidneys for renal masses and upper urinary tract disease
What contrast CT adds for a dog with a renal mass or a dilated renal pelvis, which features point to carcinoma or lymphoma, and what CT cannot decide.
Multiphase CT of the canine liver for focal masses
How multiphase CT characterises a focal liver mass in dogs, how reliable its benign versus malignant signs are, and what it adds to surgical planning.
Thoracic CT for pulmonary metastases in dogs
How thoracic CT compares with radiographs for pulmonary metastasis screening in dogs, which tumours most often spread to the lung, and how to read a nodule.
CT of the canine cranial mediastinum
How CT helps separate thymic epithelial tumours from lymphoma in dogs with a cranial mediastinal mass, and what it shows about invasion and surgical approach.
CT of the canine middle ear for otitis media
How CT detects otitis media in dogs, how it compares with otoscopy, ultrasound and MRI, and which CT signs point towards cholesteatoma or neoplasia.
CT of the canine nasal cavity for chronic nasal disease
How CT separates nasal tumours, fungal rhinitis, foreign bodies and inflammatory rhinitis in dogs with chronic nasal discharge, and where rhinoscopy and biopsy are still needed.
CT staging of oral tumours in dogs
How CT stages canine oral tumours, from bone invasion to the mandibular and medial retropharyngeal nodes, and why node sampling is still needed.
CT of the canine orbit for exophthalmos and retrobulbar disease
How CT helps separate orbital neoplasia from cellulitis and other inflammation in dogs with exophthalmos, where MRI adds detail, and how CT guides sampling.
Multiphase CT of the canine pancreas for suspected insulinoma
How multiphase CT localises a suspected insulinoma in dogs, why arterial timing matters, how well it finds metastases, and where surgery has the last word.
CT of the canine pelvis after trauma
When CT adds to radiographs after canine pelvic trauma, which fractures it finds more reliably, and how to use 2D and 3D images for surgical planning.
CT angiography of the canine portal vasculature for portosystemic shunts
How CT angiography compares with ultrasound for congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs, how shunts are classified, and what the surgeon needs from the report.
CT pulmonary angiography for suspected pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs
When to request CT pulmonary angiography for suspected pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs, what a positive scan looks like, and why technique decides the answer.
CT of the canine skull after head trauma
What head CT shows after trauma in dogs, which skull fracture patterns matter, and how far CT findings can support a prognosis alongside the neurological exam.
CT of splenic masses in dogs
What contrast CT can and cannot tell you about a canine splenic mass, why benign and malignant lesions overlap, and where CT adds most to staging.
CT of the sublumbar lymph nodes for anal sac adenocarcinoma staging
How CT compares with abdominal ultrasound for staging the iliosacral lymph nodes in dogs with anal sac adenocarcinoma, and what the report should state.
CT of the canine temporomandibular joint
When CT of the canine temporomandibular joint is indicated, what it shows in fracture, ankylosis, dysplasia and osteoarthritis, and where it falls short.
CT of the canine thoracolumbar spine for suspected disc extrusion
When non-contrast CT is enough for thoracolumbar disc extrusion in chondrodystrophic dogs, and which dogs need CT-myelography or MRI instead.
CT of the canine thyroid for suspected carcinoma
What CT adds to palpation and ultrasound in dogs with a thyroid mass, how well it shows invasion, and what it means for thyroidectomy and staging.
CT excretory urography for ectopic ureters in dogs
How CT excretory urography compares with ultrasound and cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, and what the report must state before laser ablation or surgery.
CT · Cats
CT of the feline interscapular region for injection-site sarcoma
What contrast CT shows in feline injection-site sarcoma, how it changes surgical and radiotherapy planning, and where imaging cannot replace histology.
Thoracic CT in cats for lung tumours, airway and interstitial disease
What thoracic CT adds over radiographs in cats with lung tumours, bronchial or interstitial disease, how anaesthesia affects the lungs, and where CT stops.
CT of the feline mediastinum for a cranial mediastinal mass
What CT adds for a cat with a cranial mediastinal mass, how far it separates thymoma, lymphoma and cysts, and why cytology or histology still decides.
CT of the feline middle ear
When to image the feline tympanic bulla, how CT compares with radiography, ultrasound and MRI, and what CT shows in otitis media, polyps and middle ear neoplasia.
CT of the feline nasal cavity for chronic nasal disease
Which CT features separate nasal lymphoma, carcinoma, fungal and chronic rhinitis in cats, why the retropharyngeal nodes matter, and why biopsy is still needed.
CT of the feline nasopharynx for stertor
What CT shows in nasopharyngeal polyps, stenosis, lymphoma and cryptococcosis in cats with stertor, and when endoscopy and biopsy are still needed.
CT of the feline oral cavity for squamous cell carcinoma staging
How CT stages oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats, what bone lysis and orbital extension look like, how often nodes are involved, and where CT falls short.
CT angiography of the feline portal vasculature for portosystemic shunts
How CT angiography maps portosystemic shunts in cats, how it compares with ultrasound and portovenography, and which feline anatomy the report must cover.
CT of the feline skull for head and maxillofacial trauma
Which skull, jaw and temporomandibular joint fractures CT finds in cats after head trauma, why radiographs miss them, and which findings change treatment.
CT of the feline ureters for suspected ureteral obstruction
How non-enhanced CT compares with ultrasound for ureteroliths in cats, why calculus count and position matter, and what CT cannot show.
MRI · Dogs
MRI of the canine brachial plexus for peripheral nerve sheath tumours
How MRI finds peripheral nerve sheath tumours of the canine brachial plexus, what the radiologist looks for, and what imaging can say about grade and extent.
Brain MRI for dogs with seizures
Which dogs with seizures need brain MRI, what the evidence says about diagnostic yield, what the radiologist looks for and what your report will include.
MRI of the canine cervical spine for cervical spondylomyelopathy
How MRI characterises cervical spondylomyelopathy in dogs, what traction and flexion-extension studies add, and why compression alone does not prove the cause.
MRI of the craniocervical junction for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia
What MRI of the canine craniocervical junction should include for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia, and how to read a syrinx against the signs.
MRI of the inner ear and vestibular system in dogs
How reliably the neurological exam separates central from peripheral vestibular disease in dogs, and what MRI shows in otitis interna and idiopathic cases.
MRI of the canine lumbosacral spine for degenerative lumbosacral stenosis
What MRI shows in degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in dogs, which findings relate to clinical signs, and why changes in normal dogs need context.
MRI of the canine masticatory muscles for suspected myositis
What MRI and CT show in canine masticatory muscle myositis, how imaging guides muscle biopsy, and which other causes of jaw muscle atrophy it must exclude.
MRI of the canine orbit and optic nerve, compared with CT
When MRI or CT best answers canine orbital and optic nerve questions, which signs point to tumour or inflammation, and when sampling is still needed.
Pituitary MRI in dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism
When pituitary MRI helps in dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism, what the P/B ratio means, and how tumour size shapes surgery and radiotherapy.
MRI of the canine shoulder for biceps and supraspinatus tendinopathy
What MRI shows in canine biceps and supraspinatus tendinopathy, how it compares with CT arthrography, and why a bright tendon alone is not disease.
Spinal cord MRI for acute non-painful myelopathy in dogs
How MRI separates fibrocartilaginous embolism from acute non-compressive disc extrusion in dogs, when to scan, and which lesion measurements predict outcome.
MRI of the canine stifle for cruciate and meniscal injury
How accurately MRI shows cruciate rupture and meniscal tears in dogs, how field strength and implants affect it, and where arthroscopy still matters.
MRI of the canine thoracolumbar spine for disc extrusion
What MRI shows in dogs with acute thoracolumbar disc extrusion, how it compares with CT, and which findings matter for surgery, prognosis and myelomalacia.
MRI of the trigeminal nerve in dogs with a dropped jaw or masticatory atrophy
How MRI separates idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy, neuritis and nerve sheath tumours in dogs with a dropped jaw or masticatory atrophy, and its pitfalls.
MRI of the canine vertebrae for discospondylitis
How radiographs, CT and MRI compare for canine discospondylitis and vertebral osteomyelitis, what MRI shows, and which mimics and follow-up limits to expect.
MRI · Cats
Brain MRI in cats
What brain MRI shows in cats with seizures, meningioma, lymphoma or FIP, how often the scan is normal, and what MRI cannot settle on its own.
MRI of the feline inner ear in vestibular disease
How MRI and CT compare in cats with vestibular signs, and what MRI shows in otitis media/interna, idiopathic vestibular syndrome and central disease.
Pituitary imaging for hypersomatotropism in cats
When diabetic cats need pituitary imaging for hypersomatotropism, what MRI and CT show, and why a normal-sized gland does not rule it out.
Spinal cord MRI in cats with myelopathy
How MRI separates lymphoma, FIP myelitis, ischaemic myelopathy and disc disease in cats with myelopathy, and where CSF and biopsy are still needed.
MRI of the feline thoracolumbar spine for disc disease
How MRI classifies disc extrusion, protrusion and non-compressive extrusion in cats, why degeneration is often incidental, and what outcome data show.